The Ratio Over 40 % - 1288 Words

ratio over 40% is considered troublesome. Also, compared to the 1995 and 2004 pre-retirees, the 2013 pre-retiree’s debt-to-income ratio exceeds the previous cohorts. However, the mean monthly total debt payment is lower for the 2013 cohort as compared to the 2004 pre-retirees. This may be a direct result of the decline in income for the 2013 cohort. In addition, the mortgage debt-to-income ratio for the 2013 pre-retirees increased over the measurement periods between 1995 and 2013. Moreover, the mortgage debt-to-income ratio for the 2013 pre-retirees increased as compared to the 1995 and 2004 pre-retiree cohorts. This observation provides evidence that the current group of pre-retirees has increased their mortgage debt over time and they†¦show more content†¦Thus, younger households will have lower income and assets, and borrow more in the beginning stages of the life-cycle, while middle-aged households and pre-retirees will increase savings and reduce liabilities whe n entering the later stages of life. However, as compared to the pre-retirees of 1995 and 2004, the 2013 pre-retiree’s total debt-to-total assets ratio exceeds the 1995 cohort, but is much lower than the 2004 cohort. For every dollar of assets, the 2013 pre-retirees had $0.84 of debt. Quantitative Analysis Results The objective of the study is to evaluate the extent to which secured and unsecured debt impacts the standard of living and the accumulation of financial assets among pre-retirees. To investigate the claim that servicing debt will reduce the standard of living and impact the ability of pre-retirees to adequately accumulate assets for retirement, logistic regression analyses were conducted for pre-retirees servicing debt to estimate the strength of the relationship between the dependent variables and the independent variables. For the initial analysis, natural logs of independent variables within the econometric model were utilized, except for the indicator variables which were not transformed. The dependent variable net worth contained negative values. To handle the log transformation of the negative values, a negative log (neglog) transformation wasShow MoreRelatedMole Ratio: Finding the Reaction You Want650 Words   |  3 PagesMOLE RATIO SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVE: The main point of the experiment was to form a balanced chemical equation, the find the mole ratio. If a cloud of crystals had formed then when the two substances known as lead(II) nitrate and potassium dichromate were mixed at different doses measured in drops. with all of this being done it was about to show the mole ratio. The mole ratio the ratio of moles of what youve been given in a reaction to what you want to find. INTRODUCTION: A mole ratio is theRead MoreBed Bath and Beyond Case996 Words   |  4 Pagestaken lightly. Facts and Assumptions BBBY has too much cash. Although it has used the cash for store growth and small acquisition, the company should focus on using their cash to increase shareholder value. Currently BBBY is considering 40% debt-to-total-capital and 80% debt to total capital proposals. If BBBY were to use $400 million in excess cash and $636.3 million in borrowed funds to repurchase its shares they would increase their basic earnings per share from 1.35 to 1.41 and theirRead MoreExecutive Officer Of Hill Country Snack Foods Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesexceeding 12% in 2011. In each of the past five years, the dividend payout ratio had just been below 30% of the net income. However, the interest rate earned on invested cash was barely over 0% contributing almost nothing to net income. Return on equity was similarly reduced by the avoidance of debt and complete reliance on equity capital. The pro forma results presented in Exhibits 4 and 5 show that increasing the debt-to-capital ratio will increase the dividends per share, earnings per share and totalRead MoreNatural Selection : Darwin s And The Whys Of Adaptation And Speciation Essay872 Words   |  4 Pagesinitial allele ratio began at [A - .20 a - .80], allele A disappeared by the third generation, never returning. Allele A also disappeared by the fifth generation when the initial allele ratio began at [A - .40 a - .60]. Allele a did not disappear completely at any time. Allele A was unable to overcome the disadvantage of beginning with low contributions for the ant’s survival; however, when the beginning ratio was either even [A - .50; a - .50] or favored allele A slightly [A - .60; a - .40] it wasRead MoreLiquidity Ratios1068 Words   |  5 PagesOf the firm s sales, 40 percent are for cash and the remaining 60 percent are on credit. Of credit sales, 40 percent are paid in the month after sale and 30 percent are paid in the second month after the sale. Materials cost 30 percent of sales and are purchas ed and received each month in an amount sufficient to cover the following month s expected sales. Materials are paid for in the month after they are received. Labor expense is 40 percent of sales and is paid for in the month of sales. SellingRead MoreMcdonald Wendys Financial Statement1711 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation from their 2005 Financial Statements. Debt-to-Assets Ratio When comparing the debt-to-assets ratio of McDonalds and Wendys, you have to divide the firms total liabilities by their total assets. Essentially, the debt-to-assets ratio is the primary indicator of the firms debt management. As the ratio increases or decreases, it indicates the firms changing reliance on borrowed resources. The lower the ratio the more efficient the firm will be able to liquidate its assets ifRead MoreMgm Harvard Business School Accounting Case1296 Words   |  6 Pages$1.15) over 40 periods @ r) + PV ($23 paid 40 periods hence with a return of r) $16.5 1.15*(1 – (1/(1+r)^40))/r + 23/(1+r)^40 = 16.5 Solving for r in the above equation we get 14.318% as the effective interest rate. Similarly, Effective Interest Rate on the old 5% debenture = 12.53% The par value of these debentures = $1000 Per period payment = 100*05/2 = $25 Given that the market value of the 5% debenture as of this date is $458.75 PV (Per period payment of $25 over 40 periodsRead MoreMcDonalds Wendys Financial Statement Comparison Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation from their 2005 Financial Statements. Debt-to-Assets Ratio When comparing the debt-to-assets ratio of McDonalds and Wendys, you have to divide the firms total liabilities by their total assets. Essentially, the debt-to-assets ratio is the primary indicator of the firms debt management. As the ratio increases or decreases, it indicates the firms changing reliance on borrowed resources. The lower the ratio the more efficient the firm will be able to liquidate its assetsRead MoreEssay on Department Stores601 Words   |  3 Pagesfollowing ratio analysis for ABC sporting Goods Profit amp; Loss Profit for 2006 was-86,318, Profit for 2007 was-113,799 Profit for 2008 was-126,472 Profit for 2009 was-75,252 Profit for 2010 was-67,955 Between 2008-2009 ABC Loss 51,220 Between 2009-2010 ABC Loss 7,297 Return on sales was 7.52% Return on Assets was 27.34% Return on Net Worth was 83.69% Quick Ratio was 0.48 Current Ratio was 1.59 Inventory turnover (gross sales divided by inventory) was 5.93 Assets to sales Ratio was 0Read MoreBaron Coburg Case1567 Words   |  7 Pagesequipment would be a perfect example of modern day ox which has a depreciation value over time. 8. Answer Financial Statements of Ivan: Beginning Balance Sheet for Ivan Ivan Beginning Balance Sheet For the Period Ending Month AA, Year ABCD (In Bushels of Wheat) ASSETS Current Assets Seed 20 Fertilizer 2 Non-Current Assets Ox 40 Land 100 Total Assets 162 LIABILITIES 0 STAKEHOLDER S

U.s. Government And Terrorism - 1293 Words

The United States has been facing an array of diverse threats from Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIEs), terror groups, International Criminal Syndicates, Multinational Industrial Competitors, and Cyber Intruders. In most instances, the FIEs and terror cells use intricate modern covert, overt, and clandestine techniques to gather crucial information regarding the U.S. government and its operations across the globe. However, following the disastrous attacks on 9/11, the U.S. government has been formulating security policies to secure its borders against the threat from terror groups such as al-Qa’ida and the Islamic State. The U.S. government also disburses over 30 billion dollars to aid the intelligence groups in the collection of†¦show more content†¦Therefore, an analysis of the terror organizations use of social media platforms to recruit future members will enhance the Intelligence Community (IC) in formulating effective methods to curb the recruitment of America n nationals into terror cells. The Use of Social Media Platforms in Recruiting U.S. Nationals to Terror Cells After the infamous 9/11 attacks against the U.S., the country has put in place various measures aimed at securing its borders against foreign threats. However, despite the increased security measures, terrorist groups still find ways through which they can perpetrate their heinous attacks. In particular, these groups have taken advantage of the Internet as a means to circumvent the security apparatus put in place by the U.S. One may, therefore, raise a question as to whether social media platforms have made it possible for foreign groups to undermine the U.S. intelligence system. This paper will explicate how terrorist organizations and other similar groups have used the Internet, and in particular, social media platforms to attain their agendas by recruiting U.S. nationals, enabling terrorist groups to overcome intelligence measures utilized by the U.S. by focusing on the following questions: †¢ Is the country’s regulatory framework facilitating the subversion of intelligence efforts by prohibiting the ability of to monitor communication between the terrorists groups and American Citizens? †¢ How do social media platforms

Chamber Music-Like Intimacy Even at Sold Out Venue free essay sample

When noticing the scalpers and the people waiting to obtain last minute tickets, and especially after the concert, I felt extremely lucky to have been able to attend this concert. Prior to this concert, I had never been inside Carnegie Halls Isaac Stern Auditorium / Ronald O. Perelman Stage. Although we sat very high up in our balcony seats, it was not an impediment to the wonderful acoustics. Carnegie Hall is known for its intimacy and, for me, I felt it was most intimate in sound. Though the music was performed by a chamber music ensemble in an enormous room, I could distinctly hear and distinguish the music and I believe its quality would be the same no matter where I sat. So far I have not had very many good experiences with seating arrangements. It seems that theres always someone obstructing my view. This concert was no exception and, on top of that, since we sat on the right side of the balcony, our right side of the view of the stage was slightly obstructed. Of course, this had no effect on the quality of the music I perceived, and of this I was happy, but it did leave me, and Im sure the other concertgoers as well, a bit irritated. The good acoustics are wonderful for the music but, as it seems during this particular concert, it also amplified the disturbances in the audiences. Luckily, the audience was polite enough to hold their coughing or sneezing until the brief rest between movements. I have heard recordings of Anne-Sophie Mutter but it does not compare to finally seeing her play live. She plays effortlessly and confidently. When I looked for information about her before the concert, I learned that she plays without a shoulder rest and it did appear that way during this concert. Armed with this tidbit, I was impressed by her intimacy with the violin and, perhaps as a result, her virtuosity. Apparently, I wasnt the only person who enjoyed her performance: after each piece, she was called back on stage about three times and after the final piece, she acquiesced and played an encore piece. The concert also served to showcase a promising talent: Vilde Frang. Getting to see Bachs Double Concerto (Concerto for Two Violins in D Minor, BWV 1043) live has its advantages; for me, at times, it is hard to separate the two solo voices in the recordings of this piece but during this concert, I was able to see who was playing which lines. We got to see a bit of Frangs talent bu t it was a shame that she could not play in another piece. Although she played beautifully, I felt that she still has room for improvement. As Mutters protege, hopefully Frang will learn to adopt a bit of fluidity that is so prevalent in Mutters playing. I must confess that Im not the biggest fan of Bach so I was apprehensive at first. However, after this concert, I have new appreciation for Bach because I was in awe of Mutters performance of these violin concertos. I especially loved her performance in Tartinis The Devils Trill Sonata. I believe Mutter captured the spirit of the piece and I was amazed by her musicality. It is hard for me to judge because I dont have any experience with violin playing, but it seems rather difficult to play The Devils Trill with good phrasing at the quick tempo the piece is played at but Mutter excelled. After this concert, I learned a bit about myself: I left with an intrigue for Bach concertos, a hope to hear more from Vilde Frang, and an eagerness to return to Carnegie Hall. Just like the previous concerts, it made me realize the impact of live music. Its a real shame that we have so many musical performances and venues to choose from in New York City but in the bustle of everyday life, we seem to forget they exist. However, it seems that when we need it most, live music is a good dose of alleviation. Its another dimension, taking us places elsewhere to temporarily forget our monotonous and prosaic everyday bustle. Who wouldnt have the intention of going back if they didnt think this?

Religious Commitment Essays - Confirmation, Holy Spirit,

Religious Commitment Religion is considered a very important part of life by a large part of the world's population. Determining moral issues and influencing every day decisions, it resides in everyday life and gives people something in which to believe. Often, the aspects of religion are passed down from parent to child, and the child automatically believes that which his parents believed. I too experienced this influence, as I grew up in a family with the Roman Catholic religion. I was baptized as a baby, and as long as I can remember I attended mass every Sunday with my family no matter how much I contested going or the number of tantrums I would throw. I received my first communion and went through years of Sunday school, which I thought was torture. At an early age I knew and understood the "routine" that Catholics follow. I later realized the true seriousness which was far more than just going through the learned motions. The arguments between my parents and I had diminished as church was now becoming an enjoyable experience for me. I started looking forward to the sermons of the priest, wondering what new topic he would bring about for discussion. Soon I went through a process that is custom in Catholicism, known as confirmation. This is the transformation from a child to an adult in the eyes of the church. My older sister went through the same process before me and I never really truly understood the experience when she went though it. Along with the others I attended special classes taught by the priest. I became much more involved in what went on in the church, helping out with seasonal functions for the younger children in the parish and helping to create an active youth group at the church. When the actual confirmation occurred the different feelings inside of me were captivating. The mass itself actually helped me realize the awesome responsibilities of being a Catholic and even the benefits it had to offer. In reality I was a slightly nervous about the whole thing. The Catholic Church places very high expectations upon its young people, and I now had more responsibility in the parish. After going through the whole confirmation process I feel as if I have grown as a member of the Catholic Church, and as a person. The wisdom that I have gained from my faith is immense. Whenever I am uncertain my faith will help guide me in the right direction. I am very grateful for my parents for not giving into my whining or fits when I was younger. In the end all of the advantages of being an active Catholic are well worth it. Without my commitment to my religion I do not think I would be nearly as strong of a person as I am today. To me the Catholic Church provides direction along with a true friendship that will last a lifetime.

Stereotypes Of Women In The Bloody Chamber Essays

Stereotypes Of Women In The Bloody Chamber Essays Stereotypes Of Women In The Bloody Chamber Essay Stereotypes Of Women In The Bloody Chamber Essay Essay Topic: Little Women There Will Be Blood The narrator is without her feminist qualities representing free or independent women, her naivety shows her without any real strength depicting her more as a child. She is also viewed as a possession as she ceased to be her child becoming his wife suggesting she is passed between owners foreshadowing a possible neglect to the things people can find most valuable. She is shown as an object of desire too saying she is an artichoke whos leaves need to be stripped suggesting further that he may finish with her after his sexual desire is sated. The little girl stereotype is projected as she calls herself a schoolgirl and her husband also refers too her as a little girl repeatedly expressing to the reader her absence of maturity. Her immaturity is developed further after she views her new dwelling as a castle suggesting a link too fairytale calling herself queen of the ocean surrounding her, this also suggests she is not fully void of her childish ways and therefore is not aware of the bad in the world. The major indication of her lack of immaturity is shown when the narrator calls her mother and burst(s) into tears and all he can say his her gold taps her mother then foreshadows the girls escape later by planting the seeds of doubt in the readers mind by being concerned. The mother is the icon for feminism, she has her own independence, courage and strength. The narrator shows her admiration for her mother as she describes how magnificently eccentric she is showing that her mother has her own independent personality not needing to be owned by anyone. Her courage is shown toward the end as she fires upon the marquis with her husbands antique service revolver this could also represent the mother Mary, the strong protective mother. The marquis being shot as a man-eating tiger shows that she has a sense of adventure in the wild doing things Stereotypes Chamber gay tuckered In The Bloody Chamber through the different chat minor characters of the. N presented. Her ruby chock from the guillotine, whose of her femininity. She alls narrowly escapes the mar a phallic symbol represent The narrator is without he independent women, her depicting her more as a CLC ceased to he her child be owners reassigning a valuable. She is shown as whos leaves need to be s her Falco his sexual desire alls herself a schoolgirl repeatedly expressing co I is developed further after a link too fairytale calling also suggests she is not FL aware of the bad in the u is shown when the narrate she say his her gold t later by planting the seed: The mother is the icon for and strength. The narrator describes magnificent her own independent per courage is shown toward husbands antique service Mary, the strong protection tiger shows that she has women arent pictured doing. She still keeps her about her daughter and protecting her but shows strong as well as feminine. Her masculinity is not t ere bravery in the face of evil toward the end of the masculine hero saving what seems to be a damsel constant contradictions of the stereotypes of whom the feminist and worldly view of choice even asking sure you love him? giving the daughter a choice SSL about her marriage. Her romanticism is brought FCC love not money helping a reader to relate better The marquis embodies the temptations of women constantly as; an animal leonine, vicuà ±a. This SYS women going toward a strong male figure that haft personality. The re-libation into the fairytale word marquis allows the narrator to browse through TTL nettles tailor made. He also gives the women implication as he tempts the narrator (eve) with the apple) in his house (the tree of knowledge). In conclusion the depiction Of women covers sever society the more common three stereotypes been? and where.

The High School History Classes You Should Take

The High School History Classes You Should Take SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips History. Maybe it's written by the victors. Maybe it repeats itself, first as tragedy and second as farce. Or maybe it doesn't repeat, but rhymes. In any case, it's a key part of your high school (and lifelong!) education. But how should you study it? What classes should you take in high school to satisfy college requirements? What options are there for going above and beyond? And what can you do if you are a history fiend who simply cannot get enough learning about the past? Read on to learn about high school and college expectations, honors and AP classes, and ways to expand your understanding of other social sciences! What Do High Schools Expect? Like the car commercials say, your mileage may vary – in this case, each high school has its own standards for how many years of history and/or other social sciences you need to take to graduate. Most public schools in most states require 2 to 3 years of social sciences (this may be different for private schools). Besides history, social sciences are classes like economics, geography, world cultures, civics, and government. So, definitely check with your own high school to see how many years you need and what counts as a social science. Random pile of rocks or the remains of England's wealthiest abbey after Henry VIII and his Reformation was done with it? History = amazing true stories. What Do Colleges Expect? Again, there is no hard and fast rule. Still, most colleges want you to have taken at least 2 standard history courses: American/US history World history or European history Overall, colleges want to see 2 to 3 years of social science classes, but you should definitely check the admissions requirements of your target school to see what they expect. Sometimes colleges don’t have requirements but they do offer suggestions. For example, while UCLA requires at least two years of social sciences, Harvard suggests a minimum of two years. Sometimes expectations depend on what you’re applying to study. For example, if you want to study engineering, you probably don’t need to take as many social science courses. Conversely, if you're applying with a plan to study social science, this is where you need to excel and demonstrate your interest. How Can I Exceed Expectations? The Do-More Kid slowly hovered upstairs, mildly exceeding the expectation that he would simply walk. Honors Classes If you're angling to exceed expectations, the best place to start is with your own school. Honors classes will most likely be similar to the standard classes your school offers, but they will go into more depth and explore broader contexts for the historical topics you study. On the one hand, you'll have to work much harder, but on the other hand you have a richer understanding and be way better prepared for college-level history courses. AP History Classes There are three history AP options: AP World History, which divides everything from 8000 BC to now into six periods, each with its own questions and thematic concerns AP European History, which focuses on everything that happened in Europe from the mid-1400s through 2000 AP United States History, which covers American history from about the time Native Americans first encountered Europeans to the present day IB Diploma Classes There are two different IB course progressions for history: the first focuses on the history of Europe and the Islamic world the second focuses on world history in the 20th century What If I Want Even More History? Finding more resources to feed your interest isn't at all impossible. Find a great elective or two This is the time to ransack your high school's course catalog. Are there any electives which focus on a specific era in history (like the 19th century) or on a particular group of people (like the Mayans)? Design your own course You know what teachers love? Interested and engaged students! Can you ask a teacher to help you set up an independent project or independent study to explore your interests? For example, you could focus on a particular slice of history (like trade along the Silk Route), or you could trace the development of one specific idea through time (like the concept of passive resistance). Take a class online For instance, Stanford University has an online high school which features 5 history courses and 1 guided independent study option. You can sign up to take just one class or all of them. Brown University also offers a set of online pre-college courses, including two related classes on history and American studies. Take a class over the summer Check out our guide to the Summer Institute for the Gifted or our description of Stanford’s two summer programs. Take a college class Finally, if you’re super confident in your abilities, or if you have a specific interest you really want to learn about, you can take an online college-level class. Not only will you get a sense of what history classes are like in college, but doing well will also look great on your transcript. You may even get college credit, just like for an AP course! How Else Can I Study Social Sciences? So maybe you are already a history buff, and are ready to explore other ways of studying how societies, cultures, and peoples interact. Then this is the time to investigate other classes that will broaden and deepen your understanding of history by putting into other contexts! These are classes like: economics, civics, government, politics, world cultures, world religions, geography, and so on. Check out other social sciences AP classes: AP Comparative Government Politics AP Human Geography AP Macroeconomics AP Microeconomics AP Psychology AP United States Government Politics Also, check out other social sciences IB classes: economics geography global politics information technology in a global society philosophy psychology social and cultural anthropology world religions There are even 3 IB social science classes offered online: Economics Information Technology in a Global Society Philosophy How Else Can I Show My Social Science Achievements? Ask your school counselor if you can apply to make your school a local chapter of the Rho Kappa Social Studies Honor Society from the National Council for the Social Studies. This way, you and others like you can be inducted into this society, which is the only national organization for high school juniors and seniors that recognizes excellence in the field of Social Studies. What’s Next? So excited about history that you can't wait to grab a textbook to learn? We're here for you. Read through our biographic sketch of Ida Lewis, lighthouse keeper (and so much more); use our guide to understand the Platt Amendment and its ramifications; and grapple with the US political system with our articles on checks and balances and how the executive branch can check the judicial branch. Still wrestling over whether AP or IB is better? Check out our guide to deciding which is right for you. Ready to kick back and learn some history (but not in a school way)? Our articles on the history of hip hop, invention of the 3-hole punch, and Loomis Fargo heist should do the trick. Curious how your history skills will apply to the SAT? Well, for one thing, they’ve probably made you a better writer. Read about how to improve your SAT Writing score, or better yet, how to get a perfect 800 and how to get a 12 on the SAT Essay. And don’t forget to read about the new enhanced ACT Writing test. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Sensation and Perception Homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sensation and Perception Homework - Essay Example For this process to complete the function of the eye is the most important one and its shape, size and location determine the capacity and functionality of the seeing capacity. Before deciding the design of eye for the new animal species, the most important thing we have to consider is the habitat and the surrounding environment where it will have to struggle for its survival. The foremost thing we should know is whether it is a hunting and assaulting animal or if it is a prey animal taken for food purpose. For the species involved in hunting the frontal eyes suit better because these eyes can give excellent depth perception due to the location in front of the head. On the other hand, the lateral position of eyes suits better for the prey-animals which gives them a panoramic view of the objects and helps them to anticipate and percept their hunters. After the placement of eye, its size and shape also determine its functionality. There are mainly two types of eyes, the most developed eyes like we, the human beings, have and the simple ones like a patch of photosensitive pigment which is found in many worms. The third option for designing the visual system is about its ability for movement. The movement of eyes helps the living beings to see objects from different angles giving better view of the object. However, the movement of the eyes is not sufficient in itself, the body shape should also facilitate in its movements to have wider seeing perspective. Thus, I would like for the new animal species a visual design which has frontal position to give excellent depth perception, medium sized to allow fast movements and the starling-like eye movements. 1.2 About fifty years ago, many a brain disorders were undiagnosed due to the lack of modern-day equipments and the research which by now has facilitated the medical professionals to anticipate and diagnose complicated neurological and brain disorders like Parkinson's, Anton's syndrome, and Meige syndrome etc. due to the lack of proper awareness about such disorders, the lives of patients were miserable and they had to rely much on their attendants. The real problem with some of the patients having brain disorder was that they did not realize they suffered some sort of disorder like in Meige syndrome in which the patients affirmed quite adamantly that they were capable of seeing even though they cortically blind. However, now the medical science has made extensive researches and is now able to control these disorders to some extent (Charles Bonnet Syndrome. 2007). However, it is a matter of concern that there is no specific treatment for these disorders and the medical professionals are able to control it in initial stages as well as handling some symptoms of the disorder. It is hoped that with further concentrated researches, these disorders will be controlled efficiently within next 50 years. 1.3 Structure of the Eye The structure of the eye or as is called the eyeball, is spherical approximately 2.5 cm in diameter. The outer part of the eye consists of three layers of tissue. The outside layer is the sclera having protective coating and it covers about five-sixth of the eye surface. The middle layer is called choroids, a vascular layer which is continuous with the ciliary body and with the iris. It lies at the front of the eye. The innermost layer of the eye is the

MEMO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MEMO - Essay Example Wastewater treatment has brought into light various ethical dilemmas facing the transport industry (Hall, Prichard, Kirkbriod et al. 2012). Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) needs to adopt stringent environmental regulations aimed at ensuring good water quality. Over the years, waste water treatment plants have changed their management practices. The WWTP highly depends on a technical body of knowledge based on past practice, applied engineering and environmental sciences. This is an effort to ensure that the environment is kept safe and in an acceptable condition. WWTP are considering installing more additional treatment tanks to achieve very low phosphorous levels. To as low as 0.009 to 0,05 mg/l (EPA 5). Additionally, the WWTP are considering installing additional treatment so as to meet the growing water needs for the rapidly growing population. The conventional wastewater treatment method involves the physical, chemical, and biological processes and operations to remove solids, Organic material and some nutrients from wastewater .in stage one, the preliminary treatment stage, coarse and other large solid materials are left to settle out of the wastewater and later taken to the landfill (Environmental Commissioner of Ontario, 2003). This stage involves course screening, removal of grit and comminution of large objects. In the grit chambers, the water velocity is maintained sufficiently high, and air is used to prevent the solids from settling down. Comminutors are sometimes used in place of coarse screening to ensure reduced size of large particles s that they can be removed in the form of sludge in the subsequent treatment processes. In this stage, flow measurement devices, mainly the standing-wave flumes are used (Hall, Prichard, Kirkbriod et al. 2012). This is the second stage. In this stage, settleable organic and inorganic solids are removed through sedimentation process. Floating materials are also removed through skimming. Similarly,

Free

Free Market and Market Character Essay The main difficulty in tackling this question is squaring moral means with moral ends, (Wilkinson, 2008). Moral character, or virtue, is a means to achieving moral ends. As the socioeconomic structure changes so do the means of achieving moral ends. Free markets flourishes along fast socioeconomic change, and therefore market cultures are most likely to see a mismatch between the traits of moral character valued by the culture and the traits of character actually effective as means within the existing structure for achieving moral ends. Due to the indifference of each individual, perspectives vary according to the superannuated standards of our lagging moral culture while the system simultaneously delivers moral goods more effectively than at any time in human history. So, the correct answer to the question is: Yes, market societies corrode traditional moral norms, although this corrosion is an integral part of moral progress. John gray in his view of the effect of free market on market character suggests comparison of realistic alternatives and understanding how different systems promote divergent types of human character. His definition of a free market sidelines the view that free markets emerge spontaneously when state interference in the economy is removed, or simply free markets the ‘absence of government’. Instead markets in his view depend on systems of law to decide what can be traded as a commodity and what cannot. Therefore, free markets not only contain some moral restraints which are policed by the government, but also rely on property rights mostly created and enforced by the government. The free market as in the past mid-Victorian England came about not because the state withdrew from the economy, but rather because state power was used to privatize land that had been under various forms of common ownership, or not owned at all. Historically, it is evident that economic systems are living things, and rarely do free markets operate according to the established economic models; except in economics textbooks where markets are self-regulating. On the contrary, the relation between economics and ethics can be seen more clearly in the light that traits of character most rewarded by free markets are entrepreneurial boldness, the willingness to speculate and gamble, and the ability to seize new opportunities. In order to survive and prosper in free market economies one has to embrace such skills and risk-taking actions as retooling one’s skills, relocating and switching careers. According to Adam Smith, one of the originators of free-market economics, markets cannot be confined to the marketplace because free markets demand a high degree of mobility and an ingrained readiness to exit from relationships that are no longer profitable; a direct reflection of the humanity in our lives. Adam’s fear and Gray’s perception matter the least when it has been proved that though free markets reward some moral traits, they also undermine others. The moral hazards of free markets do not mean that other economic systems are any better. Therefore, no economic system can fully attend to every aspect of moral character; instead all rely on motives that are morally questionable. A sensible combination cannot be achieved by applying an ideal model of how the economy should work. Different mixes will be best in different historical contexts. But one thing is clear: a modern market economy cannot do without a measure of moral corrosion. Tyler (2008) is of the opinion that free markets operate like amplifiers; the abundance placed in our disposal tends to boost and accentuate whatever character tendencies we already possess. He believes that other features of the free market also encourage the better angels of our nature and discourage our destructive impulses; thus allowing people to realize a range of good intentions. Market-friendly societies are attractive to immigrants. Transparency International annually issues an index of the most corrupt places in the world to do business. The countries topping last year’s list were Iraq, Myanmar, and Somalia, while the least corrupt countries were Denmark, Finland, and New Zealand, all of which have active market economies. In relation to such a report, it is obvious that the rise of markets and the decline of corruption are part of a common and consistent thread of progress. Markets purpose to create a consensus around certain moral expectations: that agreements should be binding, that honesty is expected in transactions, and that economic actors are held accountable for broken promises. However not all markets are ‘free’ because ‘corrupt’ markets do not meet the above standards, as a similarly in a variety of other human imperfections. By making more social activity of every kind possible, the market creates greater scope for these vices. As observers of economic life, many of us focus too often on these sorts of negative examples. But we need to take a wider view of human progress. In the midst of our own long era of economic growth and expansion, it is obvious that the positive features of markets decisively outweigh their negative features. This is true not only because of the practical and material benefits of wealth creation but because of its beneficial effect on personal morality as well. Irrespective of the side taken by each market analyst, a common ground runs through in the aspects of moral and social issues. In his judgment, Globalization, leads not only to the creation and spread of wealth but to ethical outcomes and to better moral character among its participants. In contrast Hymowitz believes that market economies weaken the cultural conspiracy in three powerful ways. First, they introduce novelty, which tests established cultural habits and moral verities. Second, they provoke individual desire in ways that can easily weaken the self-discipline and moral obligations that make free markets flourish. And lastly, as they advance, market economies become more likely to treat the yet-to-be-socialized child as an autonomous, adult-like actor rather than as an undeveloped dependent. On the hand, subscribes to the liberal school of thought as pioneered by Adam Smith or Milton Friedman. According to this school of thought, freedom of the individual is the highest aim, and the ultimate test of a ones character is his ability to pursue his own chosen goals in life without infringing upon the freedom of others pursuit of their own goals. From this perspective, free economic activity among individuals, corporations, and nations boosts such desirable qualities as trust, honesty, and hard work. Other panelists on the same big question, has each faithfully attested to his or her view but at one point came to the conclusion that the answer to this question depends on how one conceives the good life; prescribing that at all times we should ensure to take a wider view of human progress. ? References Jagdish, Bhagwati. Does the Free Market Corrode Moral Character? London. 2008 December 3, 2008. 3 March 2009 http://www. templeton. org/market/PDF/Cowen. pdf Tyler, Cowen. Does the Free Market Corrode Moral Character? London. 2008 December 3, 2008. 3 March 2009 http://www. templeton. org/market/PDF/ Bhagwati. pdf Will, Wilkinson. Does the Free Market Corrode Moral Character, London. 2008 October 6, 2008. 3 March 2009 http://www. willwilkinson. net/flybottle/2008/10/06/does-the-free- market-corrode-moral-character/ John, Templeton Foundation. â€Å"Supporting Science-Investing in the Big Questions: An interview with leading scientists, scholars, and public figures,† Does the Free Market Corrode Moral Character. 3 December 2008. 3 March 2009 http://www. templeton. org/market/ Lockwood, Anne Turnbaugh. Community Collaboration and Social Capital: An Interview with Gary G. Wehlage. Leaders for Tomorrows Schools. 2 May 2001. 19 July 2001 http://www. ncrel. org/cscd/pubs/lead21/2-1m. htm.

Catch A Yawn :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Catch A Yawn A trick in every girl's handbook: If you want to know if someone is checking you out, yawn and check to see who, if anyone, yawns back. While we may be using the contagious phenomenon of yawning to our advantage, the age-old question still lingers on - why, in fact, is yawning contagious? Plausible explanations range from historic origins to muscular requirements. However, one answer that encompasses all other questions about the cause and traits of yawning has yet to be found. First, let's tackle the question of why we yawn. An evolutional/psychological theory has claimed that yawning was once used as a non-verbal form of communication to synchronize group behavior among animals (9). For example, the leader of a pack of wolves would yawn to set a certain mood or signal a change of activity. Humans also being group-oriented animals may have assimilated to this form of agreement. In the same way that one pumped up team member can influence the level of aggression and team-spirit of an entire team, one yawning client can also affect the mood of sales-pitch meeting. Another good example of synchronization among humans is if a group is sitting around a campfire and the leader yawns, it most likely will act as a signal to the others that it may be time to call it a night. Yawning is commonly perceived to be a sign of boredom or tiredness. Dr. Robert Provine, known as the yawn-expert from the University of Maryland, performed a study on 17-19 year old students to test this perception. In comparison to a group of students who watched music videos for 30 minutes, a group who watched an uninteresting color test bar pattern for 30 minutes yawned more (10). Dr. Provine also suggested that yawning is like stretching (5). Much like stretching, blood pressure and heart rate can be increased just by yawning. Perhaps animals yawn instinctively when bored or tired to get their blood pumping so that they may be physically stimulated to move or seek a new activity. But then why is it that we yawn after waking up? If we yawn after waking as a physical prompt to become active that's one thing. But yawning as a sign of tiredness can be ruled out if we yawn after waking from a restful sleep. Maybe a study could be done in which a comparison could be made between the ho urs of sleep and the occurrence of yawning when waking.

Expository research paper Essay

Minority students have been discriminated against for a very long time; many people think that minorities don’t have the same opportunities as others, but in reality they have many advantages. Minority students have opportunities to get into good colleges and getting more scholarships than other non-minority students. Colleges look for the obvious things like grades, and extracurricular activities and all those things but what most really want is to have diversity in the college and therefore colleges need minority students. Colleges read students’ applications thoroughly, so colleges’ look for stuff that sticks out, stuff that makes a student different than the rest one thing that might sticks out is race. In the article is says, â€Å"An applicants final determination of what to say about race is often made consultation with a college counselor. Many counselors may convey to families that a multiracial applicant has a better chance of being admitted to a highly selective college than those in any other racial or ethnic category. †(Saulny). This tells how a multiracial student may have a better chance of getting into a good college than those in other racial or ethnic categories. â€Å"Many private scholarships are geared toward minorities because they are looking for something in particular†(Borowski). The author talks about how private colleges seek at minorities, which tells that they consider race are when choosing students. Molina 2 Scholarships are used to help students get into college, but some scholarships are targeted to specific students, most likely minority students. This also could equal disadvantages to non-minority students. In this article the author says, â€Å"Some private scholarships are based on a students characteristics such as race, ethnicity, and religion, and some are based on professional affiliations or future career choices†(Borowski). Private scholarships look for very specific things in students which show how much of a disadvantage some students have in. The article talks about one student’s problem, â€Å"As Johnson found, private scholarships can extremely selective. â€Å"When I research all the grants and scholarships out there, they are all really specific, targeted towards everyone but me, he says, Are you a Pacific islander who plays tuba? There is a scholarship for you. Or a woman from an inner city who works with animals? There’s a grant for you. But a hard working boy from the suburbs? Nothing. †(Borowski). The author shows how very specific scholarships can be and how they affect other people who do not fit the description of what that scholarship wants. Another reason why minorities have an advantage is because of stereotypes even if it doesn’t apply to that student. In an article a student says, â€Å"I just realized that my race is something I have to think about,† she describes herself as having an Asian mother and a black father. â€Å"It pains me to say this, but putting down black might help admission. †(Saulny). This states how putting down a specific race might better or worsen someone’s chances depending on that particular race. A mother states, â€Å"My 17 year old son is a high B student and an excellent athlete, but we’ve been unable to find any scholarships for him because he’s white. † Elizabeth says, Johnson also says â€Å"We aren’t wealthy. We don’t take on fancy vacations and we do without a lot of things. Yet because I’m white, I don’t get a hand. There are all kinds or nationalities at Molina 3 my high school, whose families have a lot more money than we have, and yet they are getting scholarships. †(Saulny). This tells how stereotypes can give minority students an advantage by colleges stereotyping and giving help to those who don’t really need it instead of to the ones that do. Minority students also think that it is a disadvantage being a minority but in reality it can be an advantage against non-minority students. Minority students are what colleges look for. There are scholarships targeted towards minorities, and due to stereotypes there are advantages. These affect more than just minority students, it basically affects everyone because being a non-minority is at a disadvantage of getting a scholarship or getting into a good college. In today’s society someone’s race could affect their future. Saulny, Susan, and Jacques Steinberg. â€Å"On College Forms, a Question of Race, or Races, Can Perplex. † New York Times 13 June 2011: n. pag. The New York Times. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. . Borowski, Susan. â€Å"Scholarships and the White Male: Disadvantaged or Not? † Insight into Diversity. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. .

Deception Point Page 72

The President looked around the room for Tench. He had not seen her since before his press conference, and she was not here now. Odd, he thought. This is her celebration as much as it is mine. The news report on television was wrapping up, outlining yet again the White House's quantum political leap forward and Senator Sexton's disastrous slide. What a difference a day makes, the President thought. In politics, your world can change in an instant. By dawn he would realize just how true those words could be. 85 Pickering could be a problem, Tench had said. Administrator Ekstrom was too preoccupied with this new information to notice that the storm outside the habisphere was raging harder now. The howling cables had increased in pitch, and the NASA staff was nervously milling and chatting rather than going to sleep. Ekstrom's thoughts were lost in a different storm-an explosive tempest brewing back in Washington. The last few hours had brought many problems, all of which Ekstrom was trying to deal with. And yet one problem now loomed larger than all the others combined. Pickering could be a problem. Ekstrom could think of no one on earth against whom he'd less rather match wits than William Pickering. Pickering had ridden Ekstrom and NASA for years now, trying to control privacy policy, lobbying for different mission priorities, and railing against NASA's escalating failure ratio. Pickering's disgust with NASA, Ekstrom knew, went far deeper than the recent loss of his billion-dollar NRO SIGINT satellite in a NASA launchpad explosion, or the NASA security leaks, or the battle over recruiting key aerospace personnel. Pickering's grievances against NASA were an ongoing drama of disillusionment and resentment. NASA's X-33 space plane, which was supposed to be the shuttle replacement, had run five years overdue, meaning dozens of NRO satellite maintenance and launch programs were scrapped or put on hold. Recently, Pickering's rage over the X-33 reached a fever pitch when he discovered NASA had canceled the project entirely, swallowing an estimated $900 million loss. Ekstrom arrived at his office, pulled the curtain aside, and entered. Sitting down at his desk he put his head in his hands. He had some decisions to make. What had started as a wonderful day was becoming a nightmare unraveling around him. He tried to put himself in the mindset of William Pickering. What would the man do next? Someone as intelligent as Pickering had to see the importance of this NASA discovery. He had to forgive certain choices made in desperation. He had to see the irreversible damage that would be done by polluting this moment of triumph. What would Pickering do with the information he had? Would he let it ride, or would he make NASA pay for their shortcomings? Ekstrom scowled, having little doubt which it would be. After all, William Pickering had deeper issues with NASA†¦ an ancient personal bitterness that went far deeper than politics. 86 Rachel was quiet now, staring blankly at the cabin of the G4 as the plane headed south along the Canadian coastline of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Tolland sat nearby, talking to Corky. Despite the majority of evidence suggesting the meteorite was authentic, Corky's admission that the nickel content was â€Å"outside the preestablished midrange values† had served to rekindle Rachel's initial suspicion. Secretly planting a meteorite beneath the ice only made sense as part of a brilliantly conceived fraud. Nonetheless, the remaining scientific evidence pointed toward the meteorite's validity. Rachel turned from the window, glancing down at the disk-shaped meteorite sample in her hand. The tiny chondrules shimmered. Tolland and Corky had been discussing these metallic chondrules for some time now, talking in scientific terms well over Rachel's head-equilibrated olivine levels, metastable glass matrices, and metamorphic rehomogenation. Nonetheless, the upshot was clear: Corky and Tolland were in agreement that the chondrules were decidedly meteoric. No fudging of that data. Rachel rotated the disk-shaped specimen in her hand, running a finger over the rim where part of the fusion crust was visible. The charring looked relatively fresh-certainly not three hundred years old-although Corky had explained that the meteorite had been hermetically sealed in ice and avoided atmospheric erosion. This seemed logical. Rachel had seen programs on television where human remains were dug from the ice after four thousand years and the person's skin looked almost perfect. As she studied the fusion crust, an odd thought occurred to her-an obvious piece of data had been omitted. Rachel wondered if it had simply been an oversight in all the data that was thrown at her or did someone simply forget to mention it. She turned suddenly to Corky. â€Å"Did anyone date the fusion crust?† Corky glanced over, looking confused. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Did anyone date the burn. That is, do we know for a fact that the burn on the rock occurred at exactly the time of the Jungersol Fall?† â€Å"Sorry,† Corky said, â€Å"that's impossible to date. Oxidation resets all the necessary isotopic markers. Besides, radioisotope decay rates are too slow to measure anything under five hundred years.† Rachel considered that a moment, understanding now why the burn date was not part of the data. â€Å"So, as far as we know, this rock could have been burned in the Middle Ages or last weekend, right?† Tolland chuckled. â€Å"Nobody said science had all the answers.† Rachel let her mind wander aloud. â€Å"A fusion crust is essentially just a severe burn. Technically speaking, the burn on this rock could have happened at any time in the past half century, in any number of different ways.† â€Å"Wrong,† Corky said. â€Å"Burned in any number of different ways? No. Burned in one way. Falling through the atmosphere.† â€Å"There's no other possibility? How about in a furnace?† â€Å"A furnace?† Corky said. â€Å"These samples were examined under an electron microscope. Even the cleanest furnace on earth would have left fuel residue all over the stone-nuclear, chemical, fossil fuel. Forget it. And how about the striations from streaking through the atmosphere? You wouldn't get those in a furnace.† Rachel had forgotten about the orientation striations on the meteorite. It did indeed appear to have fallen through the air. â€Å"How about a volcano?† she ventured. â€Å"Ejecta thrown violently from an eruption?† Corky shook his head. â€Å"The burn is far too clean.† Rachel glanced at Tolland. The oceanographer nodded. â€Å"Sorry, I've had some experience with volcanoes, both above and below water. Corky's right. Volcanic ejecta is penetrated by dozens of toxins-carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrochloric acid-all of which would have been detected in our electronic scans. That fusion crust, whether we like it or not, is the result of a clean atmospheric friction burn.† Rachel sighed, looking back out the window. A clean burn. The phrase stuck with her. She turned back to Tolland. â€Å"What do you mean by a clean burn?† He shrugged. â€Å"Simply that under an electron microscope, we see no remnants of fuel elements, so we know heating was caused by kinetic energy and friction, rather than chemical or nuclear ingredients.† â€Å"If you didn't find any foreign fuel elements, what did you find? Specifically, what was the composition of the fusion crust?† â€Å"We found,† Corky said, â€Å"exactly what we expected to find. Pure atmospheric elements. Nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen. No petroleums. No sulfurs. No volcanic acids. Nothing peculiar. All the stuff we see when meteorites fall through the atmosphere.† Rachel leaned back in her seat, her thoughts focusing now.

Vindicate, Avenge and Revenge

Vindicate, Avenge and Revenge Vindicate, Avenge and Revenge Vindicate, Avenge and Revenge By Maeve Maddox The verbs avenge and revenge mean basically the same thing, but avenge is widely perceived as having nobler connotations than revenge. Both words, like the English word vindicate, derive from the Latin verb vindicare/vendicare: â€Å"to claim, to set free, to punish.† In early usage, all three words, vindicate, avenge, and revenge meant, â€Å"to punish† or â€Å"to exact retribution.† In modern usage, the most common meaning of vindicate is â€Å"to clear from censure, criticism, suspicion, or doubt† or â€Å"to justify.† People and things may be vindicated: Mubarak’s Wife Says Husband Has Been Vindicated Bayliss insists the decision made before his appointment to retain England’s leading Test run-scorer as captain has been vindicated. A year after his shock resignation, Pope Emeritus Benedict has no regrets and believes history will vindicate his tumultuous and much-criticized papacy. Avenge and revenge, however, retain the ideas of punishment and retaliation. Note: The word revenge functions as both noun and verb. Avenge is always a verb. Its noun form is vengeance. Although there is no authoritative rule to distinguish avenge and vengeance from revenge, a perception exists that there is a difference. For example, The Chicago Manual of Style offers this note: Avenge connotes an exaction for a wrong. The corresponding noun is vengeance. Revenge connotes the infliction of harm on another out of anger or resentment. Revenge is much more commonly a noun. Likewise, Paul Brians (Common Errors in English Usage), promotes the distinction: When you try to get vengeance for people who’ve been wronged, you want to avenge them. You can also avenge a wrong itself: â€Å"He avenged the murder by taking vengeance on the killer.† Substituting â€Å"revenge† for â€Å"avenge† in such contexts is very common, but frowned on by some people. They feel that if you seek revenge in the pursuit of justice you want to avenge wrongs, not revenge them. Two examples from literature illustrate the difference. In The Princess Bride, Inigo Montoya seeks vengeance for the murder of his father, whereas in Moby Dick, Captain Ahab seeks revenge for an injury inflicted by an animal. Montoya has justice on his side, but Ahab acts from wounded pride, irrationally attributing vindictive intentions to a nonhuman creature. Considering how mean-spirited cyber culture has become, the distinction between revenge and avenge is probably a useful one to observe. Here, for example, are the titles of just a few of the distressingly large number of how-to articles on the topic of punishing people for perceived affronts: How to Get Revenge on Anyone The Ten Commandments of Revenge 50 Random Ways To Get Revenge How to take revenge on your Boss 10 Outrageous Ways to Get Revenge On An Ex How to Get Subtle Revenge on Your Enemies How to take revenge on Your Parents How to Get the Sweetest Revenge Ever Note: Until recently, the phrase â€Å"take revenge† was more common than â€Å"get revenge.† â€Å"Take revenge† is still more common than â€Å"get revenge† in the Ngram database of printed books, but a Google search shows â€Å"get revenge† ahead of â€Å"take revenge† on the Web. Perhaps we should reserve vengeance and avenge for retribution motivated by a wrong that any reasonable person would regard as appalling and use revenge to denote the desire to hurt someone for no better motive than anger or hurt pride. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives Broadcast vs Broadcasted as Past FormThe "Pied" in The Pied Piper

A Quiz About Compressing Accordion Sentences

A Quiz About Compressing Accordion Sentences A Quiz About Compressing Accordion Sentences A Quiz About Compressing Accordion Sentences By Mark Nichol Brisk, lively writing requires attending to phrasing that slows readers down and or trips them up. Be vigilant about finding ways to make sentences less wordy and more direct. Firm up these five flabby sentences, and compare your revisions with mine: 1. â€Å"The kit includes a set of five food containers, and they are dishwasher safe.† Insert the key information in the second clause of this sentence as a phrasal adjective preceding the subject: â€Å"The kit includes a set of five dishwasher-safe food containers.† 2. â€Å"In 1995, he published a book called Bowling Alone, which introduced the term ‘social capital’ into our nation’s vocabulary.† Shift the focus from the author’s act of publishing the book to the result of the publication by deleting compacting the phrase â€Å"he published a book called† to â€Å"his book,† then delete the comma and which: â€Å"In 1995, his book Bowling Alone introduced the term ‘social capital’ into our nation’s vocabulary.† (Use this solution cautiously, as such a shift in focus may cause the passage to veer from fidelity to the author’s intent.) 3. â€Å"The film was commissioned by the US Treasury Department, and it was troubled from the beginning.† When a sentence includes more than one form of the verb phrase â€Å"to be† is, was, were, and the like discover a way to eliminate at least one of them; in this case, alter what follows was in the first clause to a subordinate clause, and jettison the conjunction: â€Å"The film, commissioned by the U.S. Treasury Department, was troubled from the beginning.† (Look for opportunities in such cases to replace not one but both â€Å"to be† verbs, which are inferior in impact to more vivid verbs doing so may encourage you to be more specific, too: â€Å"The film, commissioned by the U.S. Treasury Department, suffered from bureaucratic interference from the beginning.†) 4. â€Å"Smith is president of the Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, and frequently represents evangelicals in the media.† This sentence is improved in the same fashion as the previous one, with the additional improvement of replacing the verbose â€Å"part of the whole† construction with a â€Å"whole’s part† revision: â€Å"Smith, president of the Southern Baptist Convention’s Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission, frequently represents evangelicals in the media.† (Take care, however, that this more concentrated restructuring is not more ponderous than the original phrasing.) 5. â€Å"My cousin, who is employed as an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, claims that a scenario similar to that one could occur if the circumstances were right.† Delete the redundant indicators that the writer’s cousin is a person (who) and is employed at the place of employment, and tighten the rest of the sentence by converting phrases that contain an adjective and follow a noun into adjectives preceding the nouns and modifying them on their own: â€Å"My cousin, an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, claims that a similar scenario could occur under the right circumstances.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About HandsHow to Pronounce MobileAdverbs and Hyphens

Second Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Second Industrial Revolution - Essay Example The first industrial revolution was brought about when the entire mode of work was revolutionized, with workers shifting massively from the agricultural fields to hard-core machine-equipped industrial units. People gave up agricultural labour and joined factories, because of which manufacturing became the major industry, especially in the United States. This led to the dwindling of the agriculture and farming sector. Machinery came to occupy an important position in man's life and everything began to get mechanized. The textile mills were the first to face this mechanization, which eventually spread to other industrial sectors as well. In addition to this, the invention of the steam engine revolutionized transportation and infrastructure. The first industrial revolution enhanced job opportunities and helped in doing away with unemployment to a large extent. It led to the rise of the middle class, which consisted of industrialists and entrepreneurs over the nobility and gentry. It also led to the betterment of the working class, who found a voice. However, what remained a sad state, was the working condition. The conditions of work remained akin to the pre-Industrial era, with long working hours, child labour and the like. People's lives changed dramatically and more stress was being laid on organisations, factory units and businesses. This is when the entire perception of earning a livelihood altered drastically. Thus, the first phase of t he industrial revolution was definitely an improvement over the already existent conditions of living. However, it gave rise to the second industrial revolution, which had far-reaching effects.The second industrial revolution came about, when people started concentrating more on the services, rather than manufacturing per se. The invention of electricity, the growth of railways, and other such details. This period, between 1865 to 1900 was marked by a change in the set-up of organisations and workplaces, that became quite different. This paradigm shift changed the equations once again and set the pace for a totally different kind of work system and environment. The rise of white-collar jobs and professionals and the catering to demand as per the demands of a country 's economic disposition was seen. In addition to this, there was a general form of unemployment, with urban industrial workers taking the main seat. The organisations came to be characterised by a strong working class. For instance, the growth of labour unions and the laying down fo strong principles on the conditions of work, the voicing of opinions and the unification of

Introduction to Biometric Identification Database Essay

Introduction to Biometric Identification Database - Essay Example But the evolution of biometrics in the form of automated identification of finger prints, geometry of hand, iris construction, facial structure, genetic makeup etc. is a relatively new phenomenon. Portuguese explorer Joao de Barros also points out1 the existence of Biometrics in China in the 14th century. Barros narrates that Chinese merchants used to stamp their children's palm prints and footprints on a piece of paper with ink. This way the Chinese merchants used to distinguish the young children from one another. This can be termed as the beginning of the modern biometrics. The recent advances in Information Technology and computing have provided newer dimension to this emerging field. During the last couple of decades biometrics has established itself as a comprehensive tool for establishing Identities and Verification. In 1890, Alphonse Bertillon, a Parisian police desk, studied body length to identify criminals. Subsequently the method came to be known as Bertillonage method, which relied heavily on measuring the body length. But the method did not last long as there were many false alarms as a result of false identifications. Thereafter, finger printing became the reliable method of identifying the criminals. There are human rights groups and civil liberties advocates argue that increasing use of biometrics has resulted in trespassing into the privacy of all human beings, but the rise in terrorist activities in recent years has forced the defense and security experts to rely heavily on the biometrics for identifying the mischief makers. Types of Biometrics and their usage A biometric system is designed to test one out of the two possible hypotheses (Wayman et al., 2005): (1) That the submitted samples are from an individual known to the system; or (2) That the submitted samples are from an individual not known to the system. Applications to test the first hypothesis are called "positive identification" systems (verifying a positive claim of enrollment), while applications testing the latter are "negative identification" systems (verifying a claim of no enrollment). Biometrics, in general can be divided into two main groups, physiological and behavioral i. Physiological factors: These factors depend upon the physical structure and appearance of the individual. Iris Scan: The Iris of an individual is scanned to match it with the stored image. Quite often the iris scan may not come out with actual on if the person is putting on dark glasses, or is suffering from some eye disease. Fingerprint: This is one of the oldest tried and tested methods of biometrics. In fact the nail is also included for identification in fingerprinting. Hand: This includes the structure of knuckles, palm and the vascular networking of hand. Face, Earlobe, Lips: The camera scans the facial structure or the fleshy pendulous part of the external ear or lips of the individual. Voice: The voice is also one of the most distinguishing features to identify an individual. Therefore the voice patterns form one of the most dependable biometric measures. Retina: like iris, the retinal structure too provides an insight into the nature and character of the person. DNA: This method too is quite frequently used in a number of cases to establish the identity of the individual. Body Odor and Sweat Pores: There are biometric techniques which can sense the

International Actors in the Middle East Since 2000 Assignment

International Actors in the Middle East Since 2000 - Assignment Example The United States invasion of Iraq is one example serves as an example of the attention that the United States has lavished on the Middle East, despite the fact that the reasons they originally gave for doing so no longer appear to be true. As Stephen Zunes explains, â€Å"WITH THE MAJOR JUSTIFICATIONS FOR THE U.S.-LED INVASION OF IRAQ †¦ NOW DISCREDITED, AND CLAIMS OF WANTING TO CREATE A DEMOCRATIC IRAQ HIGHLY DUBIOUS, THIS RAISES THE QUESTION AS TO WHAT ACTUALLY MOTIVATED THE UNTED STATES† . Some theories suggest that economic factors played a role in this invasion, but another strong driving factor was to impose American interests on the country The American occupation is not without its costs. â€Å"OVERALL, THE INSURGENCY VIOLENCE BEGAN AS, AND REMAINS, A REACTION TO THE OCCUPATION† . Such violence can be compared to that during the American Civil War or the Vietnam War, simply speaking; the inhabitants of the country are trying to get the invaders to leave. Some analysts predict that if the United States were to withdraw their troops, the violence within the Middle East would significantly decrease, as motivation against the United States military decreases. Indeed, when the United States pulled out of a similar situation in Vietnam, much of the hatred and violence dissipated . Violence continues in Iraq among the various political factions, most prominent of which are the Sunni and the Shiite. The United States has primarily provided support for the Shiites, however this poses a potential problem as â€Å"THE SOUTHERN SHIITE REGION IS A POTENTIAL POWERFUL ALLY OF IRAN, WITH AT LEAST ONE MILITIA (MAHDI) FUNDED DIRECTLY BY IRAN† . Suggestions for the future outcome for Iraq include a proposal to divide Iraq into three distinct regions, which would function autonomously. However, it appears unlikely that any such decisions will be made soon . As can be seen from the above examination, the allocation of power within the

Management Challenges to NGOs

Management Challenges to NGOs INTRODUCTION Management has been defined by Weirich Koontz as the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, effectively accomplish selected ends or goals (Weirich Koontz, 2005). They also submitted that management is applicable to all kinds of organizations (public, private, not for profit) and that no matter the organization, managers responsibilities are to plan, organize, staff, lead and control in such a way that surplus is created authors (Werich and Koontz 2005). This surplus could mean profit as in the private sector, or meeting a need or having a positive effect, as in the not for profit sectors. So whether an organization was set up in order to sell cars at a profit e.g. Toyota, or set up to meet the dire needs of the poor e.g. Food Aid, management is important if the goals are to be met. However, while the importance of management in all spheres of human living has been highlighted by several authors, the reality of NGO management differs significantly from what obtains in the Public or the Private sectors. Fundamentally, management or managerialism has not been a major concern for many NGOs until very recently. Why was this so? What are the peculiar features of management in this sector? What are the important management challenges facing NGOs and why are they important? While management challenges abound in all sectors, this essay will explore those peculiar in the management of NGOs in order to answer these questions. It will also critically analyse the case study of Project Literacy, a South African NGO to illustrate how some of these challenges were responded to. The essay will focus more on the most important management challenges, which have been taken to be leadership, funding, accountability, performance monitoring evaluation, and scaling up. There are many different kinds of NGOs, however for the purpose of this essay NGOs will be defined as are organisations that are non-political, non-profit, non-governmental, and accountable to their stakeholders and involved in welfare and socio-economic development of people (Rahman, 2007). WHY NGO MANAGEMENT? Since 1960, the number and size of non-profit organizations involved in international relief and development have grown substantially (Carroll, 1992; Clark, 1991; Fisher, 1998; Fowler, 1998; Edwards, 1999). As the sector has expanded, it has been subject to new competitive pressures. In the past, the word management was considered synonymous with business management, but for NGOs, commercial activities are presumed to be against their non-profit mission and scored negatively. Since the last two decades NGOs themselves have realised the importance of management, and academicians along with NGO executives have also started thinking over the issues of vision, mission, strategic planning, goals, effective coordination and communication, human resource development, motivational strategies, bottom lines and leadership. Today more NGOs compete for increasingly scarce donor resources. Both private and institutional donors demand greater financial accountability and more concrete evidence of program impact. Small, independent NGOs find it hard to keep pace with more efficient, larger ones that take advantage of economies of scale in marketing, operations, and support services. The world of competitive market dynamics presents difficult paradoxes to many who work in the NGO sector. They believe that their organizations strength, fuelled by the staffs primary motivation, is in its determination to help people improve their lives. But in this more competitive NGO world, it is no longer enough to simply have good intentions and a strong value orientation. As noted by Lindenberg (2001), those working in the NGO sector now recognize that NGOs that do not adapt their strategies and promote greater impact, efficiency, and accountability run the risk of bankruptcy as well as irrelevance. Yet they fear that too much attention to market dynamics and private and public sector techniques will destroy their value-based organizational culture. It has also been argued elsewhere that the management system for NGOs is supposed to be different from traditional management thoughts given by Fayols Modern Operational Management, Taylors scientific management and Webers Bureaucratic Model, because of their distinctiveness in vision, mission, organisational culture, goals and values from the other two sectors (Rahman 2003). Stemming from Henri Fayols (1916) definition of management as forecasting, planning, organizing coordinating and control, Rahman (2003) gave a possible definition of NGO management: To manage an NGO is to forecast with shared vision, to plan strategically, to operate professionally and to lead culture friendly. In this definition the word organise used by Fayol has been replaced by operate in order to give a more functional touch, and the word control has been replaced by lead because there is a minimum use of control in NGO management as the shared values of NGOs discourage the concentration of power at the hie rarchical levels and in their functions. Having agreed that management has gained importance for NGOs, what then are the key management challenges for NGOs? Though management challenges abound also in the public and private sectors, the NGO sector has a unique complex nature with its own characteristic management challenges ranging from funding problems to leadership, performance monitoring evaluation, accountability, scaling up, human resources, organization culture, and professionalization. The following sections will however focus on the first five challenges I believe a key in NGO management. FUNDING AND INDEPENDENCE Funding is a very major challenge in NGO management. NGOs require funds to carry out programs and maintain the organization. Unavailability of funds for an NGO could mean a total standstill. NGOs could most time depend on government for funding. However, NGOs that depend largely on public finance run the risk of becoming mere government subsidiaries by implementing activities formerly carried out by their own governments or multilateral institutions (Senillosa, 1998). Government policy may differ from the NGOs objectives and/or the beneficiaries interests, which may lead to a conflict of interest. The availability of substantial government grants may tempt NGOs or the program beneficiaries to become involved in programs inconsistent with their own objectives and capacities. The sheer size of government grants and certain government grant restrictions (specific countries, certain social groups, special forms of assistance) may lead to an imbalance in the NGOs programs. Some NGOs have, more or less, become contractors to governments, particularly if they do not have other programs or funding sources. NGOs may become unwilling to criticize government publicly thus softening their advocacy work and/or human rights campaigns. Also, as government funding may be comparatively easy to obtain, there is the risk of the NGO ignoring or downgrading their traditional sources of private funding and traditional relationships with their constituencies. In addition, as non-governmental providers of development services, NGOs (and their programs) became subject to the availability of government funds (with associated uncertainty about magnitudes and timing), to some degree of governmental control and supervision, and to the rules and procedures that went with the receipt and use of public funds. This tended to impose heavy and sometimes excessive requirements on NGO administrative and audit capacities (Van Der Heijden, 1987). Another problem with funding is the issue of rejection of core funding- a situation whereby donors are only willing to pay project costs. According to Bornstein (2003), NGO managers that are not competent enough to incorporate core costs within project proposals usually have their key functions not being funded. Organizational development, experimental pilot approaches and long-term impact analysis are being abandoned due to lack of funds. Finally, financial uncertainty affects planning for NGOs. It has also forced them to look for more financial sources and adopt private sector-like methods like downsizing. Take for example; shortage of funds is forcing many South African NGOs outside the donor loop to diversify income sources. They are redefining their relationships to the state and the market, taking on government contract work, selling services to the private sector and charging user fees. Some have had to downsize and depend on short-term contract staff while others are experimenting with their legal status and turning into non-profit companies. (Bornstein 2003). LEADERSHIP Leadership in NGOs is a matter of concern considering the highly personalized nature of leadership in the sector. The sector is full of anecdotal stories about the detrimental impact of paternalistic founder leaders, charismatic autocrats, or the guru syndrome (Hailey, 1999). On one hand such leaders demonstrate a drive and commitment, and a remarkable ability to mobilize people and resources. While on the other hand they are criticized for dominating organizations, being unaccountable, and failing to adapt to changing circumstances. Chambers (1997) points out that such NGO leaders can achieve many things through their guts, vision and commitment, but the way they use power is a disability that jeopardizes organizational effectiveness. He argues such charismatic leaders are vulnerable to acquiescence, deference, flattery and placation (Chambers, 1997). They are not easily contradicted or corrected. As a result they actively suffocate promising initiatives that may threaten their powe r base, relationships, or position of patronage. The concept of leadership in NGO could also at times be antithetical to the participatory culture espoused by many NGOs. In a sector that believes itself to be more value driven, participatory, and less managerialist than the for-profit business sector, there is an unwillingness to concede the important influence of any one individual leader. Managers in this new era thus have to be conscious of the greater credence given to ideas of equality and participatory democracy in this sector if they are to succeed (Hailey James 2004). Effective NGO leadership also requires the ability to balance a range of competing pressures from different stakeholders in ways that do not compromise the leaders individual identity and values (Hailey James 2004). The leadership of development NGOs face extraordinary challenges as they work with very limited resources in uncertain and volatile political and economic circumstances to help the most marginalized and disadvantaged members of their communities. Civicus referred to the growing deficit in leadership abilities in NGOs. In particular they pointed to rapid turnover of NGO staff in leadership positions into business and government and the difficulty NGOs have in replacing them (Civicus, 2002). All too often this failure of leadership results in programmatic dysfunctionality and even organizational collapse. MONITORING AND EVALUATING PERFORMANCE NGOs are making significant efforts to show how they are performing, a trend impelled by three factors: stricter requirements attached to official aid; doubts about NGO claims to be more effective than governments; post-Cold War shifts in the role of NGOs, which increase their own needs to know what is being achieved, in order to manage the processes of organisational reorientation and transformation. However, almost without exception, NGOs are finding it very difficult to come up with sound, cost effective methods to show the results of their development activities, or even to demonstrate their effectiveness as organisations (Fowler, 1996). Rick Davies attributed the problems of monitoring and evaluating the performance of NGOs to ambitious expectations, complexity caused by scale (hierarchical differences in goals and expectations at various actors levels), diversity of NGO activities, vague objectives, fault-able measuring tools, and absence of baseline information adequate monit oring systems (Davies, 2000). Unlike commercial companies development NGOs do not have the bottom lines of market feedback, profitability, and returns on financial investment, nor do they receive the judgement of citizens through social unrest or the periodic vote. In other words, consumers and voters are the source of performance standards for business and government- but not for NGOs (Fowler, 1996). According to LeCompte (1986), the difficulty in measuring the development performance of NGOs stems from the basic incompatibility between the assumptions on which the aid system is based and the actual process of socio-economic change. Social economic change is mostly contingent as different from the linear model the aid system presupposes. There are three problems with this approach. Firstly, the right ways of doing things cannot all be sufficiently predicted in advance? Secondly, the assumptions seldom hold. And, thirdly, development in the sense of sustained improvement in the lives and circumstances of people who are poor or marginalised does not take place in a linear way under the influence of one single intervention (LeCompte, 1986). As resources move down the aid chain, several things happen which undermine the project approach, and hence limit the ability simply to tie resources and activities to NGO performance in terms of development? Furthermore, the measures of development are very complex, containing both tangible or physical elements and intangible factors of human and organisational processes and capacities. Also, the possibility of attributing the cause of change to an NGOs work is very restricted. ACCOUNTABILITY Who are NGOs accountable to, for what, and how? Concerns about the role and accountability of NGOs have been voiced from different quarters in recent years. As the World Bank (2005) noted, with growth in the influence of NGOs so also are they attracting greater public scrutiny, prompting calls for greater accountability. Some donors, governments, corporations, and international agencies raise important questions about the effectiveness of NGO work and the legitimacy of their advocacy. Some NGOs have also recognized the need to ensure good practice in the wider voluntary sector. The question of accountability is seen as a bureaucratic hurdle at best, and at worst as a threat to achieving an NGOs aims. Some fear that any toughening of accountability may lead to an overbearing influence from funders and governments, which could then lead to cooptation and a deflection of original purpose (Najam, 2000), or lead to the stymieing of innovation and reducing the diversity of NGOs (Cnaan, 1996). The problem of to whom accountability should be towards also arises many times. Accountability is usually upwards to donors and not to the poor who are the most immediately concerned. NGOs just want to show that money is not being misappropriated and that the approved activities are completed rather than that desirable change was achieved, let alone sustainable. Bendell (2006) however argued that democracy and human rights should firmly be at the centre of the debate about NGO accountability. By democratic accountability he meant that NGOs should be more accountable to those with less power who are affected by the organizations actions or decisions the poor. SCALING UP Much has been said about the need for NGOs to increase the impact they are having rather than applying small piecemeal efforts to large scale problems of poverty. Edwards and Hulme (1992) described strategies for scaling up to meet this demand for more impacts. Some NGOs are contented to focus on a single small community within which they work taking a small is beautiful approach to their work (Lewis 2001). Edwards and Hulme (1992) noted three kinds of scaling up for NGOs as; additive (increase size and coverage of programs), multiplicative (gain more leverage by influencing other development actors, thereby reaching more people), and diffusive (transferring its approaches beyond the organizations immediate sphere of influence). Bangladesh Grameen Bank was able to effectively manage the challenge of the scaling up process. The bank impacted a lot of poor people in the immediate community, but rather than growing any larger as an implementing organization, it encouraged the adaptation of its original microcredit delivery model around the world (Lewis 2001). CASE STUDY: PROJECT LITERACY, SOUTH AFRICA This case study is about Project Literacy, an NGO based in South Africa. The NGO was founded in 1973 by Jenny Neser to help provide an opportunity for non-educated marginalized workers to learn how to read, write and learn other basic life skills thereby tackling the problem of very low educational level in the society (projectliteracy.org.za). Just like most NGOs, it started with the leader identifying a need in the society which neither the government nor the private sector is making provision for. The NGO started out making use of church facilities for the training and getting volunteer teachers to help out with the training. Much of the funds at this initial stage were from the founders purse and little fees affordable by the beneficiaries. Even at this early stage, some other churches too started to copy Project Literacys programme, thereby increasing their impact (multiplicative scaling up). In 1985, the NGO enrolled up to 200 learners in its Adult Basic Education Training (ABE T) programme and had an annual budget of approximately R4000. The first major turnaround however came when the NGO received a donation of $10,000 (worth R33, 000) from USAID. With this, the NGO registered Project Literacy Trust Fund, and with additional fundraising drive, built its first mini office. By 1990, trainings for community based organizations and commercial clients were initiated. This helped in further diversifying the NGOs income source. The program also enjoyed a lot of support from other bodies like the South African Council of Churches and the Independent Development Trusts which both gave funds for the further development of an ABET teacher training programme and development of suitable ABET materials. The NGO was able to build its central office in 1994 through a donation from the Joint Education Trust. However, the direct funding enjoyed by most South African NGOs from international donors soon dried up. With democracy in South Africa in 1994, donors began entering into bilateral agreements with the elected government rather than directly with NGOs, resulting in the folding up of most NGOs. This highlights the centrality of funding to the operations of these NGOs and probably their overdependence on it. Project Literacy however, was able to survive this period by identifying the opportunity in this challenge (Farouk, year unknown). The new Government saw the need to provide sector wide training to meet the education and skill needs of its work force and the unemployed. This was done through the establishment of Sector Education Training Authorities (SETA) e.g. agriculture SETA will attend to needs in agriculture. Project Literacys strategy was to build capacity to tender effectively for government contracts, and the organization moved from direct delivery to service delivery. It al so restructured its financial management structure, retrained staff, and adopted a robust marketing strategy, all of which were not normal practices in the sector. This sort of bold move required strong leadership able to venture into areas not treaded before. By 1999, the NGO had gained national notoriety, with offices in all of South Africas provinces. Also critical to Project Literacys success was its leadership structure. Unlike most other NGOs that depend on the charisma of the leader and his influence or connections, Project Literacy was able to put in place a standard structure with board of trustees and board of directors, with a management team. By 1995, Jenny Neser the founder resigned and a new CEO was appointed. Continuity was thus ensured. Growth however has its challenges, and Project Literacys biggest challenge ever came in 2010 when it lost a major government contract worth R 90m. By this time the organization spent up to R1.2m monthly to maintain its offices nationally. The loss of this contract resulted in the need for the organization to close all its provincial offices and lay off 47 out of its 78 staff members (Independent online, 2010). This highlights the danger of a growth dependent on government funding, and also the danger of additive scaling up. Politics could play a major role in who gets governments contract, and a domineering monopoly might not be the best mode for NGOs to adopt in their bid to scale up. Whether or how Project Life will be able to handle the current management challenge remains a question to be answered, but the lessons learnt from it will be invaluable to every aspiring NGO. In conclusion, this essay has highlighted the importance of management with respect to NGOs and how it differs from management in the public or private sectors. It has also considered the management challenges of leadership, funding, accountability, monitoring evaluation, and scaling up as the most important management challenges facing NGOs. The case study of Project Life has shown that management in the NGO sector could be likened to a rollercoaster ride, monumental success could bear with it seeds for colossal failure. NGOs in the foreseeable future will have to continue to work in a very unpredictable environment, adapting quickly as the need may be in order to survive diverse challenges that will continue to face them.

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Statement

My Philosophy of Education All children can learn. This has been a philosophy of mine ever since I won a contest in fourth grade. All fourth graders were asked to submit a saying a that was going to be put on our school flag. To my surprise, I won and that was what made me realize just how true that statement is. However, that philosophy can be broken up into five components. The first being the purpose of education. Second, the nature of knowledge. Third, the nature of the student. Next, the method used in teaching. Last, but of course not least, the curriculum that is taught in schools. I feel the purpose of education is to create a better person as well as a better society. In today’s society, people need an education more than ever. If a person has an education , they will have better job security which means they will not be as likely to lose their job to technology. Technology gets better by the day. Jobs that required manual work fifteen years ago are now being done by computers or machines. Car factory assembly lines is a good example because the machines can now put the parts together. Another good example is in libraries, when people used to check out books they would have to fill out a card and write down all kinds of book information. Now however, the librarians simply scan the book. I do not know, nor do I want to know how it would feel to have a nonliving â€Å"thing† take your job. This could cause a person to have some serious mental downfalls which brings me to Rousseau. I agree with him when he said people should be able to ma ke their decision and have the right to choose to be good, physically fit, and happy. These three things are so important when it comes to bettering a person. The nat... ... After graduation, I hope to get a job that will give me the opportunity to make these ideas reality. I know that after a few years of teaching I will make a lot of changes as well as adjustments. Seeing the varieties of teaching styles through my co-workers will give me different ideas on teaching. I eventually would like to be able to join groups of with other teachers and professionals that will allow me to learn more about teaching. Well, there you have it. My philosophy of education. I am aware that there are many ways of teaching and I am going to be very open minded about other teachers philosophies and not criticize them. The variety of people is what makes the world go ‘round and that is why all teachers have a different way of teaching. However, I feel that the importance of these five components need to be stressed throughout all classrooms. My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Statement My Philosophy of Education All children can learn. This has been a philosophy of mine ever since I won a contest in fourth grade. All fourth graders were asked to submit a saying a that was going to be put on our school flag. To my surprise, I won and that was what made me realize just how true that statement is. However, that philosophy can be broken up into five components. The first being the purpose of education. Second, the nature of knowledge. Third, the nature of the student. Next, the method used in teaching. Last, but of course not least, the curriculum that is taught in schools. I feel the purpose of education is to create a better person as well as a better society. In today’s society, people need an education more than ever. If a person has an education , they will have better job security which means they will not be as likely to lose their job to technology. Technology gets better by the day. Jobs that required manual work fifteen years ago are now being done by computers or machines. Car factory assembly lines is a good example because the machines can now put the parts together. Another good example is in libraries, when people used to check out books they would have to fill out a card and write down all kinds of book information. Now however, the librarians simply scan the book. I do not know, nor do I want to know how it would feel to have a nonliving â€Å"thing† take your job. This could cause a person to have some serious mental downfalls which brings me to Rousseau. I agree with him when he said people should be able to ma ke their decision and have the right to choose to be good, physically fit, and happy. These three things are so important when it comes to bettering a person. The nat... ... After graduation, I hope to get a job that will give me the opportunity to make these ideas reality. I know that after a few years of teaching I will make a lot of changes as well as adjustments. Seeing the varieties of teaching styles through my co-workers will give me different ideas on teaching. I eventually would like to be able to join groups of with other teachers and professionals that will allow me to learn more about teaching. Well, there you have it. My philosophy of education. I am aware that there are many ways of teaching and I am going to be very open minded about other teachers philosophies and not criticize them. The variety of people is what makes the world go ‘round and that is why all teachers have a different way of teaching. However, I feel that the importance of these five components need to be stressed throughout all classrooms.